Probably not, which is why you don't find them in the tropics. Almonds grow well in Mediterranean type climates, with warm dry summers and mild wet winters. They also require a number of hours of chilling to enable the buds to break dormancy, between 300 to 600 hours at a temperature below 7.2 deg. C. Optimum temperatures for growth and nut production are 15-30 deg C, which is somewhat lower than a tropical region.
You could always think about using Terminalia catappa instead, though it is a large tree at maturity - it's commonly known as the Tropical Almond, but also has lots of other common names. It's a large tree which does produce nut like seeds - the kernel inside is said to be similar in taste to an almond, and is edible when fully ripe.